Getting to Know Rotavirus
Rotavirus is a type of virus that causes severe diarrhea. When the virus enters the body through the digestive system, even in small amounts, it can lead to severe diarrhea, especially in young children, who experience more severe symptoms than older children. In some cases, it may require hospitalization. Additionally, rotavirus can survive in the environment for several hours, making it easy for the virus to spread quickly, particularly in children under 5 years old. Outbreaks are more common during the winter season.
Transmission of the Virus
Rotavirus spreads from person to person through the feces of an infected individual. The virus can contaminate hands, objects, toys, or utensils. Infected individuals can start spreading the virus in their stool up to two days before symptoms appear.
Symptoms of Rotavirus Infection
After exposure, symptoms typically appear within 2 days and include:
- Watery diarrhea
- Vomiting
- High fever (which may lead to seizures in young children)
- Dehydration, which can become severe and lead to shock
- In individuals with weakened immune systems, symptoms may be more severe
Prevention Methods
You can easily prevent rotavirus infection through the following practices:
- Handwashing: Wash hands thoroughly with soap, especially before eating, after using the toilet, and after changing diapers
- Cleaning toys: Disinfect children’s toys regularly
- Breastfeeding: Strengthens a baby’s immune system
- Rotavirus vaccination: Included in Thailand’s national immunization schedule for infants
Rotavirus Vaccine: A Shield for Young Children
Protecting your child from rotavirus is possible with oral rotavirus vaccination. The number of doses depends on the vaccine type:
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- 2-dose vaccine: Administered at 2 and 4 months of age
- 3-dose vaccine: Administered at 2, 4, and 6 months of age
The first dose should be given before 15 weeks of age, and the final dose should be completed before 8 months of age, to reduce the risk of intussusception (a rare intestinal condition).